I had given up and rebuilt profiles for most of these. I am quite sure the various Powershell fixes do not help, and usually make things worse. As you will find via random searches on this, many believe that it is a registry issue - or at least that it can be solved that way. I have had at least 10 more of these over the past couple of weeks.
I feel like there is some sort of reset I could do to the user's profile, like deleting a folder structure in there somewhere under appdata - but I don't know where. However, fixing that and getting all updates has never made any difference in calculator or photos. I also noticed that this issue may be related to failed or delayed updates - I have a separate situation where Symantec EP is causing updates to clog up or get delayed. but what I usually end up with are failed removals, since when I go to re-install from the store it tells me that they are already 'installed.' I have tried the registry fixes, and all of the various Powershell fixes, which are usually either 're-registering' apps, or removing and re-installing them. I am trying to keep up a standard environment for hundreds of users here. Probably because they are the most used, at least here.
This is happening mostly to the 'Calculator' and Photos' apps. Aside from the fact that it takes more time to 'remove all that metro junk' than it does to rebuild a profile, I am looking for an actual answer to this.